Adult Article Education

Adult education meant the effort of organizing education for adults. Adult education is aimed at adults, not children. It is based upon the existence of an alleged that there were discrepancies between the characteristics of adult education with education in General.

According to the national education system ACT No. 2 of 1989 Chapter 1, section I, Paragraph I of the education is a conscious effort is made to prepare learners through guidance, teaching, and/or the exercises for his role in the days to come. A conscious effort is intended by the existence of consciousness in the overall activities of the Organization of education. Include systematic planning activities, structured and running in accordance with the planning to achieve the goals that have been set to specify the results that education was successful or not in its commissioning as well as follow-ups.

Illustration Pictures : Adult Article Education

The term adult is mentioned because it is based on the completeness of physical conditions, including age and also souls and can meet (Instrumental) in accordance with the guidance of the task status. Based on age show that the adult is any person 21 years of age (though unmarried) or since someone married (though not yet 21 years old). Hurlock said that the indicated adult at the age of 21 years too early adulthood and also calculated from 7 or 8 years old person reaches sexual maturity or since puberty.

According to the adult indicated by the presence of Anderson's seven traits of maturity, namely:

• Task-oriented, not on the self or ego. Minato rang mature-oriented tasks that he, and not leaning on the feelings themselves or for their personal interests;
• Clear goals and habits-the efficient work habits;
• Control of personal feelings, in that sense he may consider private in associating with other people;
• Has the view that objective in every decision taken;
• Ready to accept criticism or suggestions for improvement of himself;
• Responsibility for any effort that he did;
• Can adjust in reality in the new situation.

Knowles (1976) revealed there were 15 maturity dimensions which are marked by a change in yourself, IE:

1. Ketergantunagan in the direction of self-reliance;

2. Passive towards active;

3. Subjective towards objectives;

4. The darkness towards the brightness;

5. Limitations of knowledge breadth of insight rah kea;

6. No responsibility kea rah responsible

7. The limitation of desire a broad desire rah kea;

8. Based on the desires of the self towards recognizing the interests of others;

9. Self-rejection towards self-acceptance

10. The lack of clarity of identity kea rah personal integrity;

11. Based on the things that are common kea rah principle;

12. The attention of the shallow kea rah attention;

13. Impersonation kea rah authenticity;

14. The certainty of intolerant towards religion;

15. The word heart kea rah rational;

In terms of the recognition of the demands of the task, it is indicated by the presence of adult obligations carry out specific tasks in life. Status of maturity demands certain roles to do someone in his life in accordance with its own status.

In relation to the tasks of development of each person, Havigurst classifying it into three stages, namely:

1. Early Adulthood (18-30 years), the task of adult include the selection of prospective couples to family formation, learning to live together, start shaping family life, educate children, started establishing in the jobs.
2. Middle Age (35-60 years) his maturity, the task includes the acquisition of responsibility as citizens and members of society, establish economic life standards, helps the child to become an adult.
3. Late Maturity (65 years and over) his maturity, the task includes the adjustments themselves with decreased physical and earned income.

Based on the above understanding it can be concluded that adult education is a learning process that is systematic and sustained on someone who has had the status of adults with the goal to achieve a change in knowledge, attitudes, and skills.

According to the understanding of the bound external experts revealed that adult education is a change in the behavior of adults caused by the situation of the certain education environment. To that end, when will organize education for adults need to organize the education situation can be influenced to achieve educational goals that have been set. Determination of the components of this education starting from the planning stages sets learning materials that will be studied, establish the qualifications of a facilitator or tutor will guide the learning activities, situations, learning tools and assessment tools, including setting the overall learning environment for learners.

The expert bound has an internal view that adult education is devoted to the effort to guide and direct the growth and development of the self that occurs in adults. These experts have beliefs that adults have had potential, including internal motivation and learning experience so that the selection of learning programs that will follow are always tailored to the interests and needs of the perceived.

The basic concept that proclaimed Lindeman for occurrence of learning in adults results from some of the following conditions:

1. Adults are motivated to learn in accordance with their needs and interests;

2. Orientation to learning for adults is centered on life;

3. experience as a source of wealth of learning for adults;

4. Adults expect associated himself with requirement that right;

5. individual differences among individuals develop in accordance with the General.

According to Knowles and learning activities for adults and children is different. This is caused by the presence of four principal characteristics that distinguishes it from both of them, namely:

1. The concept of the self (the self-concept);

The concept of self is related to the values and attitudes which are already stable owned by adults. Value and this attitude are the election results themselves based on knowledge and the reasoning that it can form a pattern of life that can be distinguished from children. The election program of learning is not caused by a hectic people learn a topic or a particular subject, but assigned based on consideration of the purposes of subject matter in private.

2. Experience life (the role of the leaner's experience);

Penagalaman related to age which has been owned by the adults. Through experience, the adults might consider the need or do not need a course of study to follow. It is based upon the learning activities that were already on previous occasions. Diiperoleh learning experience can be fun, the results impression support in fulfilling the role to do or be able to solve the problems it faces.

3. Learning Readiness (readiness learn);

Learning preparedness shows that learning activities that have terrified will become the basis for participation in learning activities. From a learning experience that has followed the initial capability will set as a result of previous learning and rewarding to follow the new program as well as a distinctive way of learning to facilitate understanding and adjustment of learning activities.

4. Learning Orientation (orientation to learning);

The orientation of adult learning activities are always tailored to the interests and the needs felt in his life. In fact, any practical nature of their learning tailored to aspects of life

5. knowledge Needs (the need to know);

6. Motivates (motivation).

Organizing adult education may be classified into two phases, namely:

1. Basic education (Adult Basic Education), learning the knowledge and basic skills. The activities of these skills are intended for adults who are illiterate and has a very simple job skills. The position of this education is the basis to follow higher learning programs.

2. Continuing education (continuing Education), who learned advanced skills and knowledge in accordance with the development needs of learning in adults. This is aimed at continuing education activities to improve and upgrade the knowledge and skills so that it can be used as a self-improvement in the facilities and work productivity.

Apps reveals that the overall conduct of the continuing education in fact aims to:

1. Helping adults to deal with the realities of life;

2. Complete the skills to solve the problems encountered;

3. Helping adults in changing social circumstances of life;

4. Help in supplementing the information needed in his life.

Based on his interests, conducting continuing education sourced to is:

1. Learning Needs on an individual basis

The fulfillment of the needs on an individual basis indicated by the existence of a desire to supplement the perceived knowledge and skills. Sometimes birth resulting from a sense of curiosity for new things or something caused by the development of the facilities life outside himself. In the reality of everyday life, continuing education was held in accordance with the needs of the individual. If someone expects a knowledge, so he looked it up, either by way of asking directly or find another source.

2. institutional learning Needs;

The fulfillment of the needs of the institutional basis based upon responsibility personally in that institution, that he should have the knowledge and skills required in accordance with its own characteristics. A large number of traits held someone demands a multitude of requirements knowledge and skills that must be mastered. Therefore, he needs to be involved in many situations the right learning in accordance with the requirements.